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Boardgame counter : ウィキペディア英語版
Counter (board wargames)

Boardgame counters are usually small cardboard squares moved around on the map of a wargame to represent armies, military units, or individual military personnel. The first wargame based on cardboard counters was ''War Tactics or Can Great Britain be Invaded?'' invented by Arthur Renals of Leicester in 1911.〔Christopher Lewin, ''War Games and their History'', Chapter 8, Fonthill Media, Stroud (GB) 2012, ISBN 978-1-78155-042-7〕 The first wargame bringing counters to a mass-market was ''Tactics'', invented by Charles S. Roberts in 1952. Traditional wargames typically have hundreds of counters (''The Russian Campaign'', 225;''GI: Anvil of Victory'', 856; ''Terrible Swift Sword'', >2,000). ''Squad Leader'' had counters of different sizes: 520 ½-inch counters and 192 ⅝-inch, with the different sizes used for different purposes.
Boardgame counters are often closely related to military map marking symbols, such as those seen in the NATO standard APP-6a, and often include a simplified APP-6a representation as part of the counter.
==Types of counters==

*Representational counters, usually called "unit" counters, directly represent a unit, individual, vehicle, or weapon.
*Informational counters don't represent a specific type of character, unit, or weapon, but describe a state such as destroyed, immobilized, out of ammunition, captured, etc. These are sometimes called "markers", or "system counters" (for example, a counter used on a turn record track) as they aid in managing systemic elements of the game such as length.
*Chits are not directly representational or informational but are used to determine things such as turn order.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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